50% of the NEET paper

NEET Biology flashcards,
built on the NTA syllabus.

Biology is half the NEET paper and almost all of it is recall. These are spaced-repetition flashcards for every chapter and subtopic of the NTA NEET Biology syllabus, scheduled by FSRS-5 so a fact you learned in Class 11 is still there on exam morning.

360
of 720 marks
90
of 180 questions
10
chapters
76
subtopics tracked
Why Biology slips

Biology is not hard to understand.
It is hard to hold.

Almost nobody loses Biology marks because a concept defeated them. They lose them because in May they cannot produce a detail they genuinely understood in July. Seventy-six subtopics of named structures, cycles, pathways, exceptions and one-line facts, and NTA writes options specifically to separate “I have read this” from “I can retrieve this”.

That is also why Biology is the subject re-reading damages most. NCERT is readable, so a second pass through a chapter feels like progress. It is not: recognising a sentence on a page you have seen before is familiarity, and familiarity collapses the moment the page is taken away. Active recall is the opposite move: produce the fact first, check it second. It is the only thing that reliably shifts Biology marks.

The volume makes the timing matter too. You cannot revise 76 subtopics on a weekly rotation and expect all of them to hold; something is always decaying while you are somewhere else in the syllabus. A per-card schedule fixes exactly that.

The syllabus

The NTA NEET Biology syllabus,
chapter by chapter.

All 10 chapters and 76 subtopics, in the order the NTA syllabus sets them out. This is the structure NeetFlash organises Biology by: cards are tagged to the subtopic, and your progress is tracked at that level, so what you see is which subtopic is slipping, not just which chapter.

01

Diversity in Living World

  • What is living, biodiversity, need for classification, taxonomy and systematics
  • Concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy, binomial nomenclature
  • Five kingdom classification: Monera, Protista and Fungi
  • Lichens, Viruses and Viroids
  • Classification of plants: Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms
  • Classification of animals: non-chordates to phyla and chordates to classes
02

Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

  • Morphology and modifications in flowering plants
  • Plant tissues and anatomy: root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit, seed
  • Families: Malvaceae, Cruciferae, Leguminoceae, Compositae, Graminae
  • Animal tissues
  • Morphology and anatomy of systems in an insect (Frog): digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous, reproductive
03

Cell Structure and Function

  • Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life
  • Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structure; plant vs animal cell
  • Cell envelope, cell membrane, cell wall
  • Cell organelles: endomembrane system, mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, microbodies
  • Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles
  • Nucleus: nuclear membrane, chromatin, nucleolus
  • Biomolecules: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids
  • Enzymes: types, properties, action, classification and nomenclature
  • Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and their significance
04

Plant Physiology

  • Photosynthesis: site, pigments, photochemical and biosynthetic phases
  • Cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation; chemiosmotic hypothesis
  • Photorespiration; C3 and C4 pathways; factors affecting photosynthesis
  • Respiration: exchange of gases; cellular respiration, glycolysis, fermentation
  • TCA cycle and electron transport system; energy relations and ATP yield
  • Amphibolic pathways; respiratory quotient
  • Plant growth and development: seed germination, phases, growth rate, conditions
  • Differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation; sequence of developmental processes
  • Growth regulators: auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA
05

Human Physiology

  • Breathing and respiration: respiratory system in humans, mechanism and regulation
  • Exchange and transport of gases; respiratory volumes; respiratory disorders: asthma, emphysema, occupational
  • Body fluids and circulation: blood composition, blood groups, coagulation, lymph
  • Human circulatory system: heart structure, blood vessels, cardiac cycle, output, ECG, double circulation
  • Disorders of circulatory system: hypertension, coronary artery disease, angina pectoris, heart failure
  • Excretory products and elimination: modes of excretion; human excretory system, urine formation, osmoregulation
  • Regulation of kidney function: RAAS, ANF, ADH, diabetes insipidus; excretory disorders, dialysis
  • Locomotion and movement: types of movement, skeletal muscle, contractile proteins
  • Skeletal system, joints; disorders: myasthenia gravis, tetany, muscular dystrophy, arthritis, osteoporosis, gout
  • Neural control and coordination: neuron, nerves, CNS, PNS, visceral nervous system, nerve impulse
  • Endocrine glands and hormones: hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, gonads
  • Mechanism of hormone action; hypo- and hyperactivity disorders: dwarfism, acromegaly, cretinism, goiter, diabetes, Addison's disease
06

Reproduction

  • Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: flower structure, gametophyte development
  • Pollination: types, agencies, examples; outbreeding devices; pollen-pistil interaction
  • Double fertilization; post-fertilization events: endosperm, embryo, seed and fruit formation
  • Special modes: apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony
  • Human reproduction: male and female reproductive systems; testis and ovary anatomy
  • Gametogenesis: spermatogenesis and oogenesis; menstrual cycle
  • Fertilisation, embryo development to blastocyst, implantation, pregnancy, placenta, parturition, lactation
  • Reproductive health: STDs, birth control, contraception, MTP, amniocentesis, infertility, IVF, ZIFT, GIFT
07

Genetics and Evolution

  • Mendelian inheritance; deviations: incomplete dominance, co-dominance, multiple alleles, blood groups, pleiotropy
  • Polygenic inheritance; chromosome theory of inheritance; chromosomes and genes
  • Sex determination: humans, birds, honey bee
  • Linkage and crossing over; sex-linked inheritance: haemophilia, colour blindness
  • Mendelian disorders in humans: thalassemia; chromosomal disorders: Down's, Turner's, Klinefelter's syndromes
  • Search for genetic material; DNA as genetic material; structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging
  • DNA replication; central dogma; transcription, genetic code, translation
  • Gene expression and regulation: Lac operon; genome and human genome project; DNA fingerprinting; protein biosynthesis
  • Origin of life; biological evolution: evidence from paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology, molecular evidence
  • Darwin's contribution; modern synthetic theory; mechanism: variation and natural selection
  • Gene flow, genetic drift, Hardy-Weinberg principle; adaptive radiation; human evolution
08

Biology and Human Welfare

  • Health and disease; pathogens and parasites: malaria, filariasis, ascariasis, typhoid, pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ringworm, dengue, chikungunya
  • Basic concepts of immunology and vaccines
  • Cancer, HIV and AIDS
  • Adolescence; drug, alcohol and tobacco abuse
  • Microbes in human welfare: household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation, biocontrol agents and biofertilizers
09

Biotechnology and Its Applications

  • Principles of biotechnology: genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technology
  • Process of biotechnology
  • Application in health: human insulin, vaccine production, gene therapy
  • Application in agriculture: Bt crops, transgenic animals
  • Biosafety issues: biopiracy and patents
10

Ecology and Environment

  • Organisms and environment; population interactions: mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism
  • Population attributes: growth, birth and death rate, age distribution
  • Ecosystem patterns and components; productivity and decomposition; energy flow
  • Pyramids of number, biomass, energy
  • Concept and patterns of biodiversity; importance and loss of biodiversity
  • Biodiversity conservation: hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, national parks, sanctuaries, sacred groves
The schedule

How FSRS-5 handles Biology.

Biology is where spaced repetition pays the most, because the volume is the largest and isolated facts decay the fastest. NeetFlash keeps two numbers for every Biology card you have seen: how stable that memory is, and how hard that fact is for you. Both are recomputed after every rating. The exceptions in Animal Kingdom come back on a tight interval because you keep dropping them. The definitions you find easy stretch out to months. You never plan any of it.

The interval is not a setting you pick. It is computed from your own ratings, per card, and it is the day your recall of that fact is predicted to fall to 90%: your own forgetting curve for that one fact, rather than a weekly rotation everybody shares. How the engine works ›

Past papers

NEET previous year questions,
sorted by Biology topic.

Biology is the subject where NTA visibly returns to the same ground: the same subtopics come round year after year with new phrasing. NeetFlash serves NEET previous year questions sorted by topic, so the chapter you revised this week can be tested this week against what has actually been asked, not against a generic question bank. Anything you get wrong lands in your mistake bank, tagged to the subtopic it came from.

Questions

NEET Biology flashcards: common questions

Are these flashcards based on the latest NTA NEET Biology syllabus?
Yes. The chapter and subtopic list on this page is the structure the cards are organised by: 10 chapters and 76 subtopics covering both Botany and Zoology, taken from the NTA NEET syllabus. Cards are tagged to that subtopic, and your progress is tracked at the same level, so you can see which subtopic is slipping rather than just which chapter.
Is NCERT enough for NEET Biology?
NCERT is the right source. That argument is settled, and NeetFlash does not try to replace it. The problem NCERT does not solve is retention. Reading a chapter puts it in your head; nothing about reading it keeps it there eight months later. NeetFlash is the memory layer on top: the same NCERT-level facts, turned into cards you have to retrieve, brought back on the day you are about to forget them.
How long does it take to revise the whole Biology syllabus?
With re-reading, weeks, and it starts decaying before you finish. With spaced repetition there is no “revision round” to schedule at all. You do one session a day, usually 20–40 minutes, and it contains exactly the cards that are due across all 10 chapters. Some days that is a handful, some days a few dozen.
Does it cover both Botany and Zoology?
Yes. Both sit inside the same 10 chapters as the NTA syllabus arranges them: plant physiology and animal physiology, plant and animal reproduction, and so on. They are not split into two separate decks.
Do I have to pay to use it?
No. Every new account opens with 7 days of Premium, free, no card needed. After that the free plan gives you 10 flashcard reviews and 50 searches a day, and progress tracking, weak-spot analysis, streaks and the mistake bank stay free with no daily cap. Premium removes the review limit.
The other two

Stop re-reading.
Start remembering.

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